नेपालमा भ्रष्टाचार र यसको पृष्ठभूमि

नेपालमा भ्रष्टाचार र यसको पृष्ठभूमि

नेपालमा भ्रष्टाचारको चर्चा गर्दा राणाकाल अघिको समयको खासै चर्चा पाउन सकिएको छैन तथापि राणाकाल देखि वर्तमान समयसम्मको भने अध्ययन गर्न सकिन्छ। इतिहासका तथ्यहरू केलाउँदा के पाइन्छ भने तत्कालीन राणाशासकहरूले जनताको ठूलो आर्थिक र सामाजिक शोषण गरेका थिए र राष्ट्रको ढुकुटीमाथि हालीमुहाली गरी आफ्ना लागि ठूला ठूला महल बनाउने र विलासी कार्यमा राष्ट्रिय सम्पत्तिको दुरुपयोग गरेको पाइन्छ। तत्कालीन राणाशासक वीरशमशेरले राष्ट्रको ढुकुटी दुरुपयोग गरेर विदेशमा आफ्नो व्यक्तिगत खातामा रकम राखी देशको सम्पत्तिपलायनको शुरुआत गरेको पाइन्छ। तत्पश्चात् राणा शासनकालभरी नै राणा शासकहरूले यसरी राष्ट्रिय सम्पत्ति दुरूपयोग गरी आफ्नो नाममा विदेश पलायन गराउने क्रम चलिरह्यो। यद्यपि राणाशासक देवशमशेरले भने देश विकास र सुधारका उल्लेखनीय कार्यहरू गरेका थिए। तथापि समग्रमा भने राणाशासन देशको आर्थिक उन्नतिमा प्रत्युत्पादक नै रह्यो र राणाकाल अघिको नेपालको आर्थिक भ्रष्टाचारको चर्चालाई छोडेर विश्लेषण गर्दा नेपालमा आर्थिक भ्रष्टाचारको पृष्ठभूमि राणाकालदेखि नै शुरुआत भएको मान्न सकिन्छ।

Kathmandu

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This article is about Kathmandu Metropolitan City. For other uses, see Kathmandu (disambiguation).

Kathmandu
Metropolitan city
Motto(s): English: My legacy, My pride, My Kathmandu Nepali: मेरो पौरख, मेरो गौरव, मेरो काठमाण्डौ Nepal Bhasa: जिगु पौरख, जिगु गौरव, जिगु येँ देय्
Kathmandu Location in Nepal Show map of NepalShow map of AsiaShow all
Coordinates: 27°46′N 85°16′ECoordinates: 27°46′N 85°16′E
Country	Nepal
Province	Province No. 3
Settled	723 BCE
Established as municipality	1931
Upgraded to Metro city	1990
Government
• Mayor	Bidya Sundar Shakya (NCP)
• Deputy Mayor	Hari Prabha Khadgi (NC)
Area  of Metro
• Total	51 km2 (20 sq mi)
Elevation	1,400 m (4,600 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	975,453
• Density	19,100/km2 (49,000/sq mi)
Languages
• Local	Nepali, Newar language, Sherpa, Tamang, Limbu, Gurung, Magar, Sunuwar/Kiranti, Tibetan
• Official	Nepali, Nepal Bhasa
Time zone	UTC+5:45 (NST)
Postal Code	44600 (GPO), 44601, 44602, 44604, 44605, 44606, 44608, 44609, 44610, 44611, 44613, 44614, 44615, 44616, 44617, 44618, 44619, 44620, 44621
Area code(s)	01
HDI	0.710 High[1]
HPI	20.8 Very Low
Literacy Rate	89.6% High
Website	www.kathmandu.gov.np

Kathmandu (/ˌkætmænˈduː/;^[2] Nepali: काठमाडौं, Nepal Bhasa: य़े: Yei, Nepali pronunciation: [kaʈʰmaɳɖu]) is the capital and largest city of Nepal, with a population of around one million. Kathmandu is also the second largest metropolis in term of area after Pokhara in hilly region. Nepali and Nepal bhasha are the most spoken languages in the city.

Kathmandu, also known as "City Of Temples" with one of the oldest Pagoda known as Pashupatinath Temple, stands at an elevation of approximately 1,400 metres (4,600 feet) above sea level in the bowl-shaped Kathmandu Valley in central Nepal. The valley is historically termed as "Nepal Mandala" and has been the home of Nepali people, a cosmopolitan urban civilization in the Himalayas foothills. The city was the royal capital of the Kingdom of Nepal and hosts palaces, mansions and gardens of the Nepalese aristocracy. It has been home to the headquarters of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) since 1985. Today, it is the seat of government of the Nepalese republic established in 2008; and is part of the Province No. 3 in Nepalese administrative geography.

Kathmandu is and has been for many years the centre of Nepal's history, art, culture, and economy. It has a multiethnic population within a Hindu and Buddhist majority. It is also the home of the Newars. Religious and cultural festivities form a major part of the lives of people residing in Kathmandu.

Tourism is an important part of the economy; in 2013, Kathmandu was ranked third among the top ten upcoming travel destinations in the world by TripAdvisor, and ranked first in Asia. The city is the gateway to the Nepalese Himalayas, and home to seven world heritage sites: the Durbar Squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur; the Stupas of Swayambhunath and Baudhanath; and the temples of Pashupati and Changu Narayan. There are also seven casinos in the city.

Historic areas of Kathmandu were severely damaged by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake on 25 April 2015. Some of the buildings have been restored and some are in the process of reconstruction.